Wu Yucheng   Jason Taylor Christine Tam  Zhu Di  Jerry Chen

The Nature Conservancy China Program

 

Shangri-La Gorge sits in the north of Shangri-La county, it represents the south-eastern extension of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the central part of Hengduan Mountains where was defined as the one of the world’s top 25 biodiversity hotspots. In this area, the highest point is Balagengzong snow mountain peak, its elevation is 55,545 meters, from this summit down to the surface of the Gangqu river, at an altitude about 2,000 meters, ( lowest point in the region ) the elevation gap is as high as 3,345 meters. Quangqu River, as the first tributary of Yangzi River, is the main river in the region, 98km-long. 

In this research, a coarse level watershed classification was performed in the Gangqu River Basin, based on the available GIS data and attributes included river size (order), geology, and major climate zone (elevation). This broke the watershed up into 32 sub-watershed classes. Sampling sites were selected to represent different stream classification types and address potential or existing threats to freshwater biodiversity. 16 sites were visited in this research, and in every site, a l50m reach was delineated that represented all habitat types. Then macro-invertebrates were collected. Using the data form macro-invertebrates collection, the quantitative analysis was performed. The result shows that the water quality of Shangri-La gorge 15 not such a big threat up in this area, but the mine and dam development will be the greatest threat to the aquatic ecosystem.

 

 

 

Key words: Shangri-La Gorge;    Macro-invertebrates;    Quantitative analysis;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

大自然保护协会中国部

 

云南省西北部（滇西北）位于青藏高原的东南缘和横断山地区的腹地，是全球25个生物多样性热点地区之一。坐落于滇西北迪庆藏族自治州香格里拉县北部的香格里拉大峡谷正是这一热点地区的一个典型的代表区域。香格里拉大峡谷是由发源于香格里拉县西北部的冈波亚雪山的冈曲河切割形成的典型的高山深切峡谷，峡谷区内雪峰林立，河谷纵横，巴拉格宗雪山主峰海拔5,545米，是该区域的最高点，也是香格里拉县的最高峰，全长98公里长的冈曲河，是金沙江的一级支流，而冈曲河谷底最低海拔为2,000米，是该区域的最低点。从巴拉格宗雪山到冈曲河谷海拔高差达3545米。

美国大自然保护协会从2002年开始在香格里拉大峡谷开展生物多样性的保护工作，并于2004年5月组织进行了香格里拉大峡谷内水生生态系统的调查研究。本文就是在该调查研究的基础上完成的。

在本研究中，结合已有的地理信息资料及其他的相关资料，包括河流等级、地质特征及山地气候类型（海拔）等，将冈曲河流域分类，最后形成32个亚区，然后在不同的亚区内，根据河流类型和所面临威胁的不同设立了可能的取样区域。实际的研究在16个样地内进行。在每个样地内设置一条能够代表该样地的150米的河道采样带，记录采样带的底质组成特征与河岸带稳定性特征。同时采集样带内的大型无脊椎动物并对其进行分类分析。通过利用大型无脊椎动物对香格里拉大峡谷内水生生态系统进行评估及水质分析。研究表明，整个香格里拉大峡谷水生生态系统目前处于健康的状态，水质也较好，但随着采矿业的发展和水坝的修建，水生生态系统将面临越来越严重的威胁。

 

 

 

关键词：香格里拉大峡谷    大型无脊椎动物    水生生态系统评估