Li Rui¹  Pan Lili¹  Ding Ping¹  Wu Ming²  Liang Jin³  Li Yuchen³  Liu Xiang³

1. Zhejiang University; 2. Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, CAF;

3. Administration Committee of Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park

 

Research Group of 《Xixi National Wetland Park Programme》

 

The eco-tourism of wetlands starts to obtain much attention in recent years and its development is remarkably striking. However, as a newly emerging things, researches on its tourism carrying capacity are correspondingly less and superficial. Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park is the first national wetland park in China. Based on the disciplines and methods of protection biology, landscape ecology, tourism environmental science, eco-tourism science, tourist psychology, etc. tourism carrying capacity of Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park was comprehensively and thoroughly calculated from the aspects of ecological carrying capacity, spatial carrying capacity, facility carrying capacity, management carrying capacity and psychological carrying capacity. The results indicated that its optimal tourism carrying capacity is 3,700 persons per day, acceptable tourism carrying capacity is 5,600 persons per day, and limited tourism carrying capacity is 8,400 persons per day.

Since the opening on May 1^st, 2005, 99% of daily tourist numbers was less than the threshold of limited tourism carrying capacity, 94% of daily tourist numbers was less than the acceptable standard, and 87% of daily tourist numbers was within the optimal range. The practice of admission free on Mondays has exercised remarkably positive influence over the regulation of daily tourist numbers.

Finally, some proposals were put forward to achieve more reasonable controls on daily tourist numbers in Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park, i.e. to continue to implement the rule of admission free on Mondays and make some suitable adjustment,  to continue to provide some preferential treatments for peculiar populations and make some suitable adjustment, to strengthen the management in rush hours and crowded sites, to enhance the heralding and scheduling function of visitor center, to speed up the construction of the 2^nd phase of the project, to introduce the management approach of LAC（Limits of Acceptable Change).

 

Key words: Wetland park;   Tourism carrying capacity;   Sustainable development;   Xixi Wetland;    Hangzhou

浙江大学

 

《国家湿地公园示范项目——西溪国家湿地公园研究》项目组

 

湿地生态旅游近年来开始得到高度重视，发展极为迅猛，但由于其新生事物的性质，对其旅游环境容量的研究相应地就较少、较粗浅。西溪湿地是中国首个国家湿地公园，本研究综合应用保护生物学、景观生态学、旅游环境学、生态旅游学、旅游心理学等相关学科的理论和方法，从旅游生态容量、旅游空间容量、旅游设施容量、旅游管理容量、旅游心理容量等方面，较全面和深入地对已建成开放的西溪国家湿地公园（一期）的旅游环境容量分别进行了测算。结果表明，其最佳旅游环境容量为3700人次/日；可接受旅游环境容量为5600人次/日；极限旅游环境容量为8400人次/日。

西溪国家湿地公园（一期）开放一年多来，99%的日子游客量在极限旅游环境容量范围内，94%的日子游客量在可接受旅游环境容量范围内，87%的日子游客量在最佳旅游环境容量范围内。周一免费开放日的实行对游客量起到了明显的削峰填谷调控作用。

据此，对西溪国家湿地公园（一期）的游客量调控提出了如下建议：继续实行周一公众日免费开放制度并做适当调整；继续实行特殊群体优惠措施并做适当调整；加强对拥挤时段和拥挤地段的管理和调节；加强游客中心的预告和调度服务功能；加快二期工程建设扩大旅游环境容量；引入LAC（可接受的改变极限，Limits of Acceptable Change)管理手段等。

 

 

 

关键词：湿地公园   旅游环境容量   可持续发展   西溪湿地   杭州